Sistemu ugegbe enyo enyo nke na-egbo mkpa ụlọ a na-ewu ewu karịsịa n'ọnụ ụzọ ala ma ọ bụ ebe ọha.Ọganihu nkà na ụzụ na nso nso a ekwewo ka iji ihe ntanye dị ike dị elu na-etinye nnukwu ihe ndị a na ngwa ngwa na-enweghị mkpa ịkụnye oghere na iko.
Ọnọdụ ala a na-ahụkarị na-abawanye ohere na sistemụ ahụ ga-emerịrị ihe nchekwa nchekwa maka ndị bi na ya, ihe a chọrọ karịrị ma ọ bụ karịa ihe achọrọ ibu ifufe.Emeela ule ụfọdụ na usoro ndozi ebe maka igwu mmiri, mana ọ bụghị na usoro njikọ.
Ebumnuche nke edemede a bụ ịdekọ ule ịme anwansị site na iji tube ujo nwere ebubo mgbawa iji mee ka mgbawa simịkọm mmetụta nke ibu mgbawa na ihe ejikọtara ọnụ.Ngbanwe ndị a gụnyere ibu mgbawa kọwapụtara nke ASTM F2912 [1], nke a na-eme n'efere dị mkpa nke nwere Sanwichi SGP ionomer.Nchọpụta a bụ nke mbụ na ọ nwere ike ịkọwapụta ihe mgbawa nwere ike ime maka nnwale buru ibu na nhazi ụlọ.Tinye akwa TSSA anọ nwere dayameta nke 60 mm (2.36 sentimita) na efere iko na-atụ 1524 x 1524 mm (60 sentimita x 60 sentimita).
Akụkụ anọ ahụ eburu na 48.3 kPa (7 psi) ma ọ bụ nke dị ala emebighị ma ọ bụ emetụta TSSA na iko.Ejiri ihe ise dị n'okpuru nrụgide n'elu 62 kPa (9 psi), na anọ n'ime ihe ise ahụ gosipụtara nkwụsị iko, na-eme ka iko ahụ gbanwee site na oghere.N'ọnọdụ niile, TSSA nọgidere na-ejikọta ya na akwa ígwè, ọ dịghịkwa ihe na-adịghị mma, adhesion ma ọ bụ njikọ achọpụtara.Nnwale egosila na, dị ka ihe AAMA 510-14 chọrọ si dị, TSSA a nwalere nwere ike inye usoro nchekwa dị irè n'okpuru ibu 48.3 kPa (7 psi) ma ọ bụ ala.Enwere ike iji data emepụtara ebe a iji megharịa sistemụ TSSA iji zute ibu akọwapụtara.
Jon Kimberlain (Jon Kimberlain) bụ ọkachamara ngwa dị elu nke Dow Corning silicones na-arụ ọrụ dị elu.Lawrence D. Carbary (Lawrence D. Carbary) bụ Dow Corning ọkachamara ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dị elu nke bụ onye nyocha Dow Corning silicone na onye nyocha ASTM.
Ejila ihe mgbakwunye silicone nke enyo enyo mee ihe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 50 iji kwalite mma na arụmọrụ nke ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ [2] [3] [4] [5].The idozi usoro nwere ike ime ka ire ụtọ na-aga n'ihu mputa mgbidi na elu nghọta.Ọchịchọ maka inwekwu nghọta na ihe owuwu na-eduga na mmepe na iji mgbidi ntupu eriri USB na mgbidi mpụta na-akwado bolt.Ụlọ ala mara mma na-ama aka arụ ọrụ ga-agụnye teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ nke oge a ma ga-agbasorịrị ụkpụrụ iwu ụlọ na nchekwa obodo.
A mụọla ihe na-ahụ maka silicone adhesive (TSSA) na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla, na usoro a ga-eji akwado iko ahụ na akụkụ ndị na-edozi bolt kama ịgbanye oghere [6] [7].Teknụzụ gluu na-enwu enwu na ike, nrapado na ịdịte aka nwere usoro nke anụ ahụ nke na-enye ndị na-emepụta mgbidi ákwà mgbochi chepụta usoro njikọ ahụ n'ụzọ pụrụ iche na nke ọhụrụ.
Ngwa gburugburu, akụkụ anọ na triangular na-ezute ihe ịchọ mma na arụ ọrụ nhazi dị mfe ịmepụta.A na-agwọta TSSA yana iko a na-edozi ya na autoclave.Mgbe o wepụsịrị ihe ahụ site na okirikiri autoclave, enwere ike ịmecha nyocha nkwenye 100%.Uru mmesi obi ike a bụ ihe pụrụ iche na TSSA n'ihi na ọ nwere ike inye nzaghachi ozugbo na nhazi nhazi nke mgbakọ.
Amụtala mmetụta nguzogide [8] na mmetụta mmịkọ ujo nke ihe ndị a na-ahụ maka silicone a na-ahụkarị [9].Wolf et al.nyere data sitere na Mahadum Stuttgart.Ihe data ndị a na-egosi na, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ quasi-static strain nke akọwapụtara na ASTM C1135, ike nkwụsi ike nke ihe silicone ihe owuwu dị na njedebe kachasị nke 5m/s (197in/s).Ike na elongation na-abawanye.Na-egosi njikọ dị n'etiti nsogbu na ihe anụ ahụ.
Ebe TSSA bụ ihe na-agbanwe nke ukwuu nke nwere modulus na ike dị elu karịa silicone nhazi, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-agbaso otu arụmọrụ n'ozuzu ya.Ọ bụ ezie na emebeghị ule ụlọ nyocha nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu, enwere ike ịtụ anya na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu na mgbawa ahụ agaghị emetụta ike ahụ.
A nwalela iko a kpochiri akpọchi, na-ezute ụkpụrụ mbelata mgbawa [11], ma gosipụta ya na ụbọchị arụmọrụ Glass 2013.Nsonaazụ a na-ahụ anya na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya uru nke ịmezi iko ahụ n'ụzọ igwe mgbe agbajichara iko ahụ.Maka sistemu nwere ihe mgbakwunye dị ọcha, nke a ga-abụ ihe ịma aka.
A na-eme etiti ahụ nke ọwa ọkọlọtọ American nke nwere akụkụ nke 151mm omimi x 48.8 mm obosara x 5.08mm ọkpụrụkpụ weebụ (6 "x 1.92" x 0.20"), nke a na-akpọkarị C 6" x 8.2 # oghere.A na-ejikọta ọwa C na nkuku, na akụkụ triangular 9 mm (0.375 inch) gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na nkuku, na-esi n'elu nke etiti ahụ laghachi azụ.A kụpụrụ oghere dị 18mm (0.71 ″) n'ime efere ka e wee nwee ike itinye bolt nwere dayameta nke 14mm (0.55 ″) n'ime ya ngwa ngwa.
Ngwa igwe TSSA nwere dayameta nke 60 mm (2.36 sentimita) bụ 50 mm (2 sentimita) site na nkuku ọ bụla.Tinye ihe nrụnye anọ n'otu iko ọ bụla iji mee ka ihe ọ bụla nwee nha anya.Ihe dị iche iche nke TSSA bụ na enwere ike idobe ya nso na nsọtụ iko.Ngwa igwu mmiri maka nrụzi n'ibu na iko nwere akụkụ ụfọdụ na-amalite site na nsọtụ, nke a ga-etinyerịrị n'ime imewe ma bụrụ nke a ga-agbapụta tupu iwe ọkụ.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nso na nsọtụ na-eme ka nghọta nke usoro ahụ gwụchara, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-ebelata njikọ nke nkwonkwo kpakpando n'ihi ụda dị ala na nkwonkwo kpakpando nkịtị.Iko ahọpụtara maka ọrụ a bụ 6mm abụọ (1/4 ″) transperent transperent 1524mm x 1524mm (5′x 5′) n'ígwé laminated na Sentry Glass Plus (SGP) inomer intermediate film 1.52mm (0.060) ").
A na-etinye diski TSSA gbara ọkpụrụkpụ 1 mm (0.040 inch) na 60 mm (2.36 inch) dayameta nke igwe anaghị agba nchara.Emebere primer ahụ iji meziwanye ịdịte aka nke adhesion na igwe anaghị agba nchara ma bụrụ ngwakọta nke silane na titanate na ihe mgbaze.A na-agbanye diski ígwè ahụ na iko ahụ na ike a tụrụ atụ nke 0.7 MPa (100 psi) maka otu nkeji iji nye mmiri mmiri na kọntaktị.Debe ihe ndị ahụ na autoclave nke ruru 11.9 Bar (175 psi) na 133 C ° (272 ° F) ka TSSA wee ruo oge nkwụsịtụ nkeji 30 achọrọ maka ọgwụgwọ na njikọta na autoclave.
Mgbe emechara autoclave ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ, nyochaa TSSA ọ bụla dabara adaba wee mechie ya na 55Nm (40.6 ụkwụ pound) iji gosi ibu ọkọlọtọ nke 1.3 MPa (190 psi).Ngwa maka TSSA bụ Sadev na-enye ma mata ya dị ka ngwa R1006 TSSA.
Kpọkọtanụ isi nke ngwa ahụ na diski na-agwọ ọrịa na iko ma wedata ya n'ime ígwè ígwè.Gbanwee ma dozie mkpụrụ ndị ahụ na bolts ka iko dị n'èzí na-agbanye n'èzí nke ígwè ígwè.A na-eji akụkụ abụọ nke silicone mechie nkwonkwo 13mm x 13mm (1/2 ″ x½”) nke gbara gburugburu iko iko ahụ ka nnwale ibu nrụgide wee malite n'echi ya.
Emere ule a site na iji tube ujo na ụlọ nyocha nyocha ihe mgbawa na Mahadum Kentucky.Ihe mejupụtara tube nke na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ bụ ahụ igwe gbasiri ike, nke nwere ike itinye nkeji ihe ruru 3.7mx 3.7m na ihu.
A na-ebugharị tube mmetụta site n'itinye ihe mgbawa n'ogologo tube mgbawa iji mee ka akụkụ dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma nke ihe mgbawa ahụ [12] [13].Tinye ihe niile iko na ọgbakọ etiti nchara n'ime tube na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ maka nnwale, dịka egosiri na foto 4.
A na-etinye ihe mmetụta nrụgide anọ n'ime tube ujo, ya mere enwere ike tụọ nrụgide na pulse nke ọma.Eji igwefoto vidiyo dijitalụ abụọ na igwefoto SLR dijitalụ dekọọ ule ahụ.
Igwefoto dị elu nke MREL Ranger HR nke dị nso na windo na mpụga tube ujo weghaara ule ahụ na okpokolo agba 500 kwa sekọnd.Tọọ ndekọ ndekọ laser 20 kHz n'akụkụ windo iji tụọ mgbagha n'etiti etiti windo ahụ.
A nwalere ihe mejupụtara akụkụ anọ ahụ ugboro itoolu na mkpokọta.Ọ bụrụ na iko ahụ ahapụghị oghere, megharịa akụrụngwa n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu na mmetụta.N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, a na-edekọ nrụgide ebumnuche na mkpali na data nrụrụ enyo.Mgbe ahụ, a na-enyochakwa ule ọ bụla dịka AAMA 510-14 [Festestration System Voluntary Guidelines for Explosion Hazard Mitigation].
Dịka akọwara n'elu, a nwalere mgbakọ etiti anọ ruo mgbe ewepụrụ iko ahụ na oghere nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ.Ebumnuche nke ule mbụ bụ iru 69 kPa na pulse nke 614 kPa-ms (10 psi A 89 psi-msec).N'okpuru ibu etinyere, windo iko ahụ mebiri ma hapụ ya na etiti ahụ.Ihe nrụnye nke Sadev na-eme ka TSSA rapara na iko agbajiri agbaji.Mgbe iko ahụ siri ike gbasasịrị, iko ahụ hapụrụ oghere ka ọ tụgharịrị ihe dịka 100 mm (inch 4).
N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ibuwanye ibu na-aga n'ihu, a nwalere etiti 2 ugboro 3.Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọdịda emeghị ruo mgbe nrụgide ruru 69 kPa (10 psi).Nrụgide a tụrụ atụ nke 44.3 kPa (6.42 psi) na 45.4 kPa (6.59 psi) agaghị emetụta iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke akụrụngwa.N'okpuru nrụgide a tụrụ atụ nke 62 kPa (9 psi), ntụgharị nke iko ahụ kpatara mmebi, na-ahapụ windo iko na oghere.Ngwa TSSA niile ejiri iko agbajiri agbaji gbajie, otu dị na eserese 7.
N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ibu na-abawanye na-aga n'ihu, a nwalere etiti 3 ugboro abụọ.Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọdịda emeghị ruo mgbe nrụgide ruru 69 kPa (10 psi).Nrụgide a tụrụ nke 48.4 kPa (7.03) psi agaghị emetụta iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke akụrụngwa.Nchịkọta data anabataghị ntụgharị, mana nlele anya site na vidiyo gosiri na ngbanwe nke etiti 2 test 3 na frame 4 test 7 yiri.N'okpuru nrụgide nha nke 64 kPa (9.28 psi), ntụgharị nke iko a tụrụ na 190.5 mm (7.5 ") kpatara mmebi, na-ahapụ windo iko na oghere.Ngwa niile TSSA na-ejikọta ya na iko agbajiri agbaji, otu ihe ahụ dị ka eserese 7.
Na-abawanye ibu na-aga n'ihu, a nwalere etiti 4 ugboro 3.Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọdịda ahụ emeghị ruo mgbe nrụgide ahụ ruru 10 psi ebumnuche nke ugboro abụọ.Nrụgide ndị a tụrụ atụ nke 46.8 kPa (6.79) na 64.9 kPa (9.42 psi) agaghị emetụta iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke akụrụngwa.N'ule #8, a tụrụ iko ahụ ka ọ gbadaa 100 mm (inch 4).A na-atụ anya na ibu a ga-eme ka iko ahụ gbajie, mana enwere ike nweta isi ihe data ndị ọzọ.
Na ule #9, nrụgide a tụrụ nke 65.9 kPa (9.56 psi) na-atụgharị iko ahụ site na 190.5 mm (7.5 ″) wee mee ka agbaji, na-ahapụ windo iko na oghere.A na-ejikọta ngwa TSSA niile na otu iko agbajiri agbaji dị ka na foto 7 N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, enwere ike iwepụ ngwa ngwa na etiti ígwè na-enweghị mmebi ọ bụla doro anya.
TSSA maka ule ọ bụla na-agbanwe agbanwe.Mgbe ule ahụ gasịrị, mgbe iko na-adịgide adịgide, ọ dịghị mgbanwe anya na TSSA.Vidiyo dị elu na-egosi na iko na-agbaji n'etiti etiti ahụ wee hapụ oghere ahụ.
Site na ntụnyere nke ọdịda iko na enweghị ọdịda na Figure 8 na Figure 9, ọ bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ịmara na ụdị mgbawa iko na-eme n'ebe dị anya site na ntinye aka, nke na-egosi na akụkụ ahụ na-ejikọtaghị ọnụ nke iko ahụ erutela ebe na-ehulata, nke na-abịa ngwa ngwa na-abịaru nso Ebe mkpụrụ osisi na-emebi emebi dị n'akụkụ akụkụ nke na-adịgide adịgide.
Nke a na-egosi na n'oge ule ahụ, efere ndị gbajiri agbaji n'akụkụ ndị a nwere ike ịkwaga n'okpuru ike ịkwa akwa.Ijikọta ụkpụrụ a na nleba anya na ọnọdụ ọdịda ahụ yiri ka ọ bụ embrittlement nke iko iko na nrapado interface, dị ka ibu e nyere na-abawanye, a ga-emeziwanye arụmọrụ site n'ịbawanye iko iko ma ọ bụ na-achịkwa deflection site n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ.
Nnwale 8 nke Frame 4 bụ ihe ịtụnanya na-atọ ụtọ na ụlọ nyocha.Ọ bụ ezie na iko adịghị emebi emebi ka e wee nwee ike ịnwale etiti ahụ ọzọ, TSSA na ibe akara ndị gbara ya gburugburu ka nwere ike idowe nnukwu ibu a.Usoro TSSA na-eji mgbakwunye 60mm anọ iji kwado iko.Ibu ikuku nke imewe dị ndụ na ibu na-adịgide adịgide, ma na 2.5 kPa (50 psf).Nke a bụ atụmatụ na-agafeghị oke, nwere nghọta ụkpụrụ ụlọ dị mma, na-egosipụta ibu dị oke oke, na TSSA ka na-emebibeghị.
Emere ọmụmụ ihe a iji chọpụta ma nrapado nke usoro iko nwere ụfọdụ ihe ize ndụ ma ọ bụ ntụpọ dị n'ihe gbasara ihe dị ala chọrọ maka ịrụ ọrụ ájá ájá.N'ụzọ doro anya, a na-etinye usoro ngwa ngwa 60mm TSSA dị nso na nsọtụ iko ma nwee arụmọrụ ruo mgbe iko ahụ gbajiri.Mgbe e mere iko ahụ iji guzogide nkwụsịtụ, TSSA bụ usoro njikọ dị irè nke nwere ike inye nchebe ụfọdụ ma na-echekwa ihe ụlọ ahụ chọrọ maka nghọta na imeghe.
Dị ka ọkọlọtọ ASTM F2912-17 si dị, akụrụngwa windo a nwalere ruru ọkwa ihe egwu H1 na ọkwa ọkọlọtọ C1.Ngwa ngwa Sadev R1006 ejiri mee ihe n'ọmụmụ ihe adịghị emetụta.
Igwe ọkụ a na-eji eme ihe n'ọmụmụ ihe a bụ "njikọ adịghị ike" na usoro.Ozugbo iko agbajiri agbaji, TSSA na oghere mkpuchi gbara ya gburugburu enweghị ike ijide nnukwu iko, n'ihi na obere iberibe iko na-anọgide na ihe silicone.
Site n'echiche nke imewe na arụmọrụ, a na-egosipụta usoro nrapado TSSA na-enye nchebe dị elu na ihe mgbawa facade na ọkwa mbụ nke ihe ngosi ihe mgbawa, nke ụlọ ọrụ na-anabata nke ọma.Facade a nwalere na-egosi na mgbe ihe egwu mgbawa dị n'etiti 41.4 kPa (6 psi) na 69 kPa (10 psi), arụmọrụ na ọkwa ihe ize ndụ dị nnọọ iche.
Otú ọ dị, ọ dị mkpa na ọdịiche dị na nhazi ihe ize ndụ abụghị ihe kpatara ọdịda nrapado dị ka egosipụtara site n'ụdị nkwụsị nke nkwonkwo nke nrapado na iko iko n'etiti ọnụ ụzọ ihe ize ndụ.Dị ka nlebanya si kwuo, a na-edozi nha nke iko ahụ nke ọma iji belata nkwụsịtụ iji gbochie nhụsianya n'ihi ụbara nzaghachi nke ịkpụ na interface nke na-ehulata na mgbakwunye, nke yiri ka ọ bụ isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ.
Atụmatụ n'ọdịnihu nwere ike ibelata ọkwa ihe ize ndụ n'okpuru ibu dị elu site n'ịba ụba nke iko ahụ, na-edozi ọnọdụ nke isi ihe dị n'akụkụ ọnụ, na ịba ụba kọntaktị kọntaktị nke nrapado.
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