Ingqikelelo yoyilo lweSakhiwo soBugcisa obuBonakalayo kwiYunivesithi yase-Iowa, eU.SA, igxile kumava amangalisayo, ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa bokukhanya kwendalo, kunye nokudalwa kweendawo ezidityanisiweyo zentsebenziswano. Ikhokelwa ngumyili wezakhiwo owaziwayo uSteven Holl kunye nefemu yakhe, esi sakhiwo sidibanisa izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obuzinzileyo ukwenza indalo yobugcisa esebenzayo kunye neyomoya. Ngezantsi luhlalutyo lwefilosofi yoyilo ukusuka kumacala amane:
1. Umbono weSpatial kwi-Phenomenological Perspective
Ephenjelelwe nzulu yithiyori yephenomenological yesithandi sobulumko uMaurice Merleau-Ponty, uHoll ugxininisa ukuba ulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo kufuneka luvuse amava abantu aqukiweyo ngokusebenzisa indawo kunye nemathiriyeli. Isakhiwo sithatha isakhiwo esime nkqo, sazisa ukukhanya kwendalo nzulu kwisakhiwo kumgangatho osixhenxe ukuya kumgangatho "Amaziko okukhanya" ukwenza ulandelelwano oluguquguqukayo lokukhanya kunye nesithunzi. Umzekelo, udonga lomkhusane weglasi egobileyo ye-atrium ephakathi, edityaniswe nezinyuko ezijikelezayo, ivumela ukukhanya ukuba kuphose izithunzi eziqukuqelayo kwiindonga kunye nemigangatho njengoko ixesha litshintsha, elifana "nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo wokukhanya" kwaye lwenza ababukeli babone intuitively ubukho bomzimba wokukhanya kwendalo ngelixa uhamba.
UHoll wayila i-facade yesakhiwo "njengesikhumba esiphefumlayo": i-facade esemazantsi igutyungelwe ngeepaneli zensimbi ezingenasici, ezifihla iifestile emini kunye nokucoca ukukhanya kwelanga kwimingxuma, ukudala ukukhanya okungabonakaliyo kunye nesithunzi esifana "nomzobo we-Mark Rothko"; ebusuku, izibane zangaphakathi zigqobhoza kwiipaneli, yaye imingxuma iguquka ibe ngamaxande aqaqambileyo anobude obungafaniyo, nto leyo eguqula isakhiwo sibe “yindlu yesibane sokukhanya” esixekweni. Olu tshintsho lutshintshayo lwesiphumo sokubonwa kwemini nobusuku siguqula isakhiwo sibe sisitya sexesha kunye nendalo, siqinisa unxibelelwano lweemvakalelo phakathi kwabantu nendawo.
2. Ukwenziwa koBuchule bokuKhanya kwendalo
UHoll uthatha ukukhanya kwendalo “njengeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yobugcisa”. Isakhiwo sifezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokukhanya ngeefestile ezidityaniswe ngokulandelelana kweFibonacci, igophe.Iglasi yeprofayileIindonga zekhethini, kunye neenkqubo zokukhanya kwesibhakabhaka:
Ibhalansi phakathi kokukhanya okuthe ngqo kwemini kunye nokukhanya okusasazekayo: Izitudiyo zisebenzisa iglasi yeprofayili ye-U egqithiselwa kakhulu enonyango lwangaphakathi oluqabaka, iqinisekisa ukukhanya kwendalo okwaneleyo kwindalo yobugcisa ngelixa ithintela ilitha.
Ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo kunye nethiyetha yesithunzi: Ulusu olunamaleko aphindwe kabini olubunjwe ziipaneli zentsimbi egxunyekiweyo kunye neepaneli ze-zinc zangaphandle zinemingxuma ubukhulu kwaye zicwangciswe ngokulungiswa kwe-algorithm, evumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuba kukhuphe iipateni zejometri kumgangatho wangaphakathi oguqukayo kunye namaxesha kunye namaxesha, ukubonelela amagcisa "umthombo ophilayo wokuphefumlelwa".
Imeko yokubuyela umva ebusuku: Xa kuhlwa, izibane zangaphakathi zesakhiwo zidlula kwiipaneli ezinemingxuma kunyeIglasi yeprofayileumva, ukwenza "ufakelo lobugcisa obukhanyayo" olwenza umahluko omangalisayo kunye nenkangeleko egciniweyo emini.
Olu yilo lucokisiweyo lokukhanya luguqula isakhiwo sibe yilabhoratri yokukhanya kwendalo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezifunekayo zobugcisa bokwenza umgangatho wokukhanya ngelixa uguqula ukukhanya kwendalo kube yimbonakalo engundoqo ye-aesthetics ye-architectural.
3. Uthungelwano lweSpatial for Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Ngenjongo yokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo kunye nobumbano loluntu, isakhiwo saphula imiqobo ebonakalayo yamasebe obugcisa bemveli:
Imigangatho evulekileyo kunye nokubonakala okubonakalayo: Izitudiyo ezinemigangatho emine zibekwe ngaphandle ngokujikeleza i-atrium esembindini, kunye nezahlulo zeglasi emiphethweni yemigangatho, zenza iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha zoluleko (ezifana nokuphosa ivili lodongwe, ukubumba isinyithi, kunye nomzekelo wedijithali) zibonakala omnye komnye kwaye zivuselela ukungqubana kwempembelelo enqamlezayo.
Uyilo lwehabhu yezentlalo: Izinyuko ezijikelezayo zandiswe "kwindawo yokumisa" enamanyathelo angama-60 eesentimitha ububanzi, esebenza zombini ezothutho kunye nemisebenzi yengxoxo yethutyana; i-terrace yophahla kunye nendawo yokusebenza yangaphandle idityaniswe ngamathambeka okukhuthaza unxibelelwano olungekho sikweni.
Ukudityaniswa kwekhonkco lokuvelisa ubugcisa: Ukususela kwi-workshop yesiseko esisezantsi ukuya kwigalari ephezulu, isakhiwo siququzelela izithuba ecaleni kwendlela "yokudala-umboniso-imfundo", evumela abafundi ukuba bathuthe ngokuthe ngqo imisebenzi yabo ukusuka kwii-studio ukuya kwiindawo zokubonisa, ukwenza i-ecosystem yobugcisa obuvaliweyo.
Le ngcamango yoyilo iphinda intsingiselo "yokudibanisa imida" kubugcisa bale mihla kwaye inconywa "ngokuguqula imfundo yobugcisa ukusuka kwiziqithi ezizimeleyo zoluleko ukuya kuthungelwano lolwazi oludibeneyo".